Medical-Surgical Nursing
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Medical-Surgical Nursing - sample questions with answers
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1. What is the primary cause of edema in albuminuria?
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Answer: Fall in plasma colloid oncotic pressure
Albuminuria causes a fall in plasma colloid oncotic pressure, leading to the accumulation of fluid in tissues (edema).
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2. Which activity should patients with an ileostomy avoid?
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Answer: Playing football
Patients with an ileostomy should avoid playing football.
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3. What should be the nurse's first action for a postoperative patient reporting severe pain (8/10)?
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Answer: Administer the prescribed analgesic and reassess
For severe pain, the priority action is to administer the prescribed analgesic to alleviate the pain and then reassess the patient.
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4. Which test is used to detect corneal abrasions or ulcers in the eye?
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Answer: Fluorescein staining
Fluorescein staining clearly highlights injuries or ulcers on the surface of the cornea.
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5. Which of the following medications does not cause urinary retention?
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Answer: Diuretics
The use of diuretics does not cause urinary retention.
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6. What does the appearance of air bubbles in a chest drainage system indicate?
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Answer: Air leak
The appearance of air bubbles in chest drainage indicates an air leak in the system.
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7. Which solution should be used to irrigate femoral venous catheters to maintain patency?
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Answer: Sterile saline solution
Nurses should irrigate femoral venous catheters with sterile saline solution to maintain patency.
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8. What is the most important nursing intervention for determining fluid balance in clients with end-stage renal failure?
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Answer: Daily weighing
Daily weighing is the most important nursing intervention for determining fluid balance in clients with end-stage renal failure.
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9. Skin breaks, blisters, and shallow craters are characteristic of which stage of pressure ulcers?
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Answer: Stage II
Stage II pressure ulcers are characterized by skin breaks, abrasions, blisters, shallow craters, edema, and infection.
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10. Which medication is administered to maintain oncotic pressure?
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Answer: Serum albumin
Serum albumin is administered to maintain the oncotic pressure in the body.
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11. Which of the following interventions is not recommended for a patient with watery diarrhea?
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Answer: Intravenous albumin
Intravenous albumin is not recommended as an intervention for watery diarrhea.
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12. Which assessment finding is typical of extracellular fluid loss?
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Answer: Distended jugular veins
Distended jugular veins are a typical assessment finding of extracellular fluid loss.
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13. What is the priority nursing intervention during the immediate post-operative period?
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Answer: Maintaining a patent airway
The priority nursing intervention during the immediate post-operative period is maintaining a patent airway.
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14. Which element's level in the serum increases during prolonged vomiting or gastric lavage?
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Answer: Bicarbonate
Prolonged vomiting or gastric lavage leads to a loss of stomach acid, resulting in an increase in serum bicarbonate levels.
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15. Which mineral depletion can occur due to the stress of extensive prolonged surgery?
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Answer: Potassium
The release of adrenocortical steroids due to stress from extensive prolonged surgery can lead to potassium depletion.
This chapter has 397 questions. Practise them all with timing, answers and explanations.